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Petronella av Aragonien, född i Huesca 29 juni 1136, död i Barcelona 15 oktober 1173, var en
monark, drottning, av Aragonien; dotter till kung Ramiro II av Aragonien och Agnes av Akvitanien,
samt gift 1137 med greve Ramon Berenguer IV av Barcelona.
Petronillas far Ramiro hade varit munk då han ärvde tronen av sin barnlöse bror. Han hade fått
kyrkans tillåtelse att bestiga tronen, gifta sig och producera en arvinge. När Petronella var född
återvände hennes mor till sitt hemland Frankrike. Året därpå arrangerade Ramiro Petronellas
äktenskap, abdikerade till hennes förmån och återvände till kloster. Petronella fullbordade sitt
äktenskap vid femton års ålder 1151 och fick fem barn. Hon blev änka 1162. År 1164 abdikerade
Petronella till förmån för sin son, som därmed blev monark över både Aragonien och sin fars rike
Barcelona (Katalonien), som därmed förenades till ett rike.
Regent av Aragonien 1137-1164 Född 1136-06-29 [1] . Död 1173-10-15 i Barcelona, Spanien (E). |
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Petronella av Aragonien
Född 1136-06-29 [1] . Död 1173-10-15 i Barcelona, Spanien (E). Regent av Aragonien 1137-1164 |
F
Ramiro_II av Aragonien.
Född 1086-04-24 [1] . Död 1157-08-16. Kung av Aragonien 1134-1157 | ||
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Gift
[1] .
Ramon Berenguer_IV av Barcelona. Ramon Berenguer IV (Catalan pronunciation: [r?'mom b????'ge]; c. 1113 6 August 1162, Anglicized Raymond Berengar IV), sometimes called the Saint, was the Count of Barcelona who brought about the union of his County of Barcelona with the Kingdom of Aragon to form the Crown of Aragon. Contents [hide] 1 Early reign 2 Crusades and wars 3 Death 4 Appearance and character 5 Ancestry 6 References 7 Bibliography Early reign[edit] Ramon Berenguer IV inherited the county of Barcelona from his father Ramon Berenguer III on 19 August 1131. On 11 August 1137, at the age of about 24, he was betrothed to the infant Petronilla of Aragon, aged one at the time. Petronilla's father, Ramiro II of Aragon, who sought Barcelona's aid against Alfonso VII of Castile, withdrew from public life on 13 November 1137, leaving his kingdom to Petronilla and Ramon Berenguer, the latter in effect becoming ruler of Aragon, although he was never king himself, instead commonly using the titles "Count of the Barcelonans and Prince of the Aragonians" (Comes Barcinonensis et Princeps Aragonensis), and occasionally those of "Marquis of Lleida and Tortosa" (after conquering these cities). He was the last Catalan ruler to use "Count" as his primary title; starting with his son Alfonso II of Aragon the counts of Barcelona styled themselves, in the first place, as kings of Aragon. The treaty between Ramon Berenguer and his father-in-law, Ramiro II, stipulated that their descendants would rule jointly over both realms, and that even if Petronilla died before the marriage could be consummated, Berenguer's heirs would still inherit the Kingdom of Aragon.[1] Both realms would preserve their laws, institutions and autonomy, remaining legally distinct but federated in a dynastic union under one ruling House. Historians consider this arrangement the political masterstroke of the Hispanic Middle Ages. Both realms gained greater strength and security and Aragon got its much needed outlet to the sea. On the other hand, formation of a new political entity in the north-east at the time when Portugal seceded from León in the west gave more balance to the Christian kingdoms of the peninsula. Ramon Berenguer successfully pulled Aragon out of its pledged submission to Castile, aided no doubt by his sister Berengaria, wife of Alfonso the Emperor, who was well known in her time for her beauty and charm. Crusades and wars[edit] In the middle years of his rule, Ramon Berenguer turned his attention to campaigns against the Moors. In October 1147, as part of the Second Crusade, he helped Castile to conquer Almería. He then invaded the lands of the Almoravid taifa kingdoms of Valencia and Murcia. In December 1148, he captured Tortosa after a five-month siege with the help of Southern French, Anglo- Norman and Genoese crusaders.[2] (When Moors later tried to recapture Tortosa, the women put up such a spirited defense that Berenger created for them the Order of the Hatchet.) The next year, Fraga, Lleida and Mequinenza in the confluence of the Segre and Ebro rivers fell to his army. The reconquista of modern Catalonia was completed. Ramon Berenguer also campaigned in Provence, helping his brother Berenguer Ramon and his infant nephew Ramon Berenguer II against the Counts of Toulouse. During the minority of Ramon Berenguer II, the Count of Barcelona also acted as the regent of Provence (between 1144 and 1157). In 1151, Ramon signed the Treaty of Tudilén with Alfonso VII of León and Castile. The treaty defined the zones of conquest in Andalusia as an attempt to prevent the two rulers from coming into conflict. Also in 1151, Ramon Berenguer founded and endowed the royal monastery of Poblet. In 1154, he accepted the regency of Gaston V of Béarn in return for the Bearnese nobles rendering him homage at Canfranc, thus uniting that small principality with the growing Aragonese empire. Death[edit] Ramon Berenguer IV died on 6 August 1162 in Borgo San Dalmazzo, Piedmont, Italy, leaving the title of Count of Barcelona to his eldest surviving son, Ramon Berenguer, who inherited the title of King of Aragon after the abdication of his mother Petronilla of Aragon two years later in 1164. He changed his name to Alfonso as a nod to his Aragonese lineage, and became Alfonso II of Aragon. Ramon Berenguer IV's younger son Pere (Peter) inherited the county of Cerdanya and lands north of the Pyrenees, and changed his name to Ramon Berenguer. Greve av Barcelona Född 1113 [1] . Död 1162-08-06. |
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